Fig. 4

Time courses of skin temperature of healthy adults (n = 50). † Paired t test. †††p < .001, ††p < .01. * Mixed-linear model for two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, and a Bonferroni correction. ***p < .001, **p < .01, *p < .05. AHT10s, applying hot towels for 10 s to the skin: CON, the bed bath with applying dry towel to the skin. T2, the beginning of the experiment: T3, immediately after applying the hot or dry towel to the skin: T4, immediately after wiping the skin: T5, immediately after wiping the skin with the dry towel: T6–10, 1–5 min after T5: T11, 10 min after T5: T12, 15 min after T5