Higher ventilatory responses during and after passive walking-like leg movement in older individuals

Ogata, Hisayoshi; Fujimaru, Ikuyo; Yamada, Keiko; Kondo, Takaharu

doi:10.1186/1880-6805-32-20

Journal of Physiological Anthropology

Table 2 Cardiorespiratory variables during sitting, quiet standing and passive walking-like leg movement in the young and older groups

From: Higher ventilatory responses during and after passive walking-like leg movement in older individuals

		Sitting		Quiet standing		PWM				Quiet standing (recovery)										Sitting (recovery)
		Sitting		Quiet standing		First 1 minute		Last 1 minute		First minute		Second minute		Third minute		Fifth minute		Seventh minute		Sitting (recovery)
$\overset{\cdot}{V} E$ (l/minute)
Young		8.0 ± 1.9		8.4 ± 2.1		11.4 ± 2.2	***,###	9.2 ± 2.0	*	7.2 ± 1.8	#	7.6 ± 1.7		7.9 ± 1.7		8.2 ± 1.5		8.8 ± 1.9		8.2 ± 1.5
Older		6.9 ± 1.6		7.5 ± 1.2		10.4 ± 2.5	***,###	9.4 ± 2.2	***,##	8.0 ± 2.1		7.5 ± 1.7		8.0 ± 1.7		7.9 ± 1.2		7.9 ± 1.6		7.2 ± 1.8
$\overset{\cdot}{V} O_{2}$ (ml/minute)
Young		204 ± 51		210 ± 54		337 ± 81	***,###	240 ± 63	*	169 ± 44	*,##	181 ± 42		190 ± 37		195 ± 41		209 ± 49		208 ± 45
Older		160 ± 31		170 ± 23		272 ± 73	***,###	243 ± 70	***,###	179 ± 48		171 ± 41		182 ± 40		173 ± 18		176 ± 38		161 ± 23	†
$\overset{\cdot}{V} C O_{2}$ (ml/minute)
Young		169 ± 40		174 ± 49		278 ± 61	***,###	211 ± 51	***,##	148 ± 41		156 ± 40		159 ± 31		165 ± 32		179 ± 39		174 ± 34
Older		137 ± 28		145 ± 20		241 ± 73	***,###	212 ± 66	***,##	163 ± 52		151 ± 40		157 ± 40		148 ± 18		151 ± 32		140 ± 23	†
PaCO_2pre (mmHg)
Young		38.6 ± 1.3	#	37.5 ± 1.4	*	38.9 ± 2.4		37.9 ± 2.0		36.4 ± 1.6	***	36.6 ± 1.7	***	36.8 ± 1.1	***	36.5 ± 1.3	***	36.1 ± 1.3	***,#	37.5 ± 1.9	*
Older		38.8 ± 2.7	#	37.5 ± 2.8	*	38.0 ± 2.4		37.8 ± 2.3		36.5 ± 1.7	***	36.7 ± 2.2	***	36.8 ± 2.0	***	36.4 ± 2.6	***	36.7 ± 2.7	***,#	37.6 ± 1.7	*
HR (beats/minute)
Young		78 ± 9	###	88 ± 11	***	90 ± 10	***	86 ± 10	***	83 ± 10	***,#	84 ± 7	***	87 ± 7	***	88 ± 9	***	89 ± 10	***	77 ± 12	###
Older	†††	66 ± 8	###	75 ± 12	***	76 ± 13	***	73 ± 9	***	72 ± 10	***,#	75 ± 10	***	75 ± 10	***	75 ± 11	***	75 ± 12	***	66 ± 9	###

A significant main effect for conditions, main effect for groups and their interaction were observed for minute ventilation ( $\overset{\cdot}{V} E$ ), pulmonary oxygen uptake ( $\overset{\cdot}{V} O_{2}$ ) and carbon dioxide output ( $\overset{\cdot}{V} C O_{2}$ ). On the other hand, since a significant main effect for conditions without interaction was observed for PaCO_2pre and heart rate (HR), data were analyzed to identify the simple main effect for conditions when data obtained in the two groups at each time point were combined. In addition, since a significant main effect for age was observed for HR, data were analyzed to identify the simple main effect for age when data obtained at all time periods in each age group were combined. PaCO_2pre, predicted arterial carbon dioxide pressure, calculated using data on end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure and tidal volume; PWM, passive walking-like leg movement.
*P <0.05, **P <0.01, and ***P <0.001, compared with the value at pre-PWM sitting.
^#P <0.05, ^##P <0.01, and ^###P <0.001, compared with the value at pre-PWM standing.
^†P <0.05 and ^†††P <0.001, compared with the value in the young group.

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ISSN: 1880-6805

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