Difference in effects of cigarette smoking or alcohol consumption on serum non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels is related to mitochondrial DNA 5178 C/A polymorphism in middle-aged Japanese men: a cross-sectional study

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of study subjects by Mt5178 C/A genotype

	Mt5178C	Mt5178A	P value
	N = 239	N = 155
Age (years)	54.3 ± 7.8	53.2 ± 7.8	0.171
Body mass index (kg/m²)	23.3 ± 2.8	23.5 ± 2.6	0.461
Serum total cholesterol (mg/dl)	203.5 ± 34.3	202.1 ± 31.8	0.672
Serum HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	54.6 ± 13.6	56.3 ± 16.2	0.269
Serum non-HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	148.9 ± 36.3	145.8 ± 34.6	0.395
Serum LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	121.6 ± 34.8	117.9 ± 30.5	0.281
Serum triglyceride (mg/dl)	136.7 ± 91.1	139.5 ± 90.8	0.766
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	125.8 ± 15.9	125.7 ± 14.1	0.940
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	74.0 ± 10.7	73.8 ± 9.1	0.823
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl)	97.2 ± 9.4	97.6 ± 9.7	0.672
Smoking status (never- or ex-/1-20 cigarettes per day/>20 cigarettes per day) (%)	59.4/29.7/10.9	59.4/25.8/14.8	0.429
Alcohol consumption (daily/occasionally/non- or ex-) (%)	46.4/35.2/18.4	47.7/38.7/13.6	0.426
Coffee consumption (≤1 cup per day/2-3 cups per day/≥4 cups per day) (%)	61.1/29.7/9.2	55.5/32.9/11.6	0.510
Antihypertensive (%)	18.8	12.9	0.122

Age, body mass index, serum total cholesterol levels, serum HDL cholesterol levels, serum non-HDL cholesterol levels, serum LDL cholesterol levels, serum triglyceride levels, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose levels are given as means ± SD. For smoking status, alcohol consumption, coffee consumption and antihypertensive use, P values were calculated by chi-squared test. All P values depict significance of differences between mitochondrial DNA 5178 cytosine (Mt5178C) and mitochondrial DNA 5178 adenosine (Mt5178A). HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.

ISSN: 1880-6805