Fig. 2

Gut microbial diversity and composition in island and inland subjects. Alpha diversity measures include a Shannon, b Chao1, and c Chao1 index. The interquartile range is shown as a box with the median marked as a horizontal line, and minimum and maximum from lower and upper quartile represent error bar. P values were determined using the Mann-Whitney U test (a, b). Rarefaction curves indicate microbial richness within gut derived from Inland and Island participants. d Principal component analysis (PCA) of intestinal bacteria at genus level. Each color dot represents data from individual participants (n = 4 per group), and multiple dots from the same group are shown as large circles. e Composition of fecal microbiota at the phylum level in the inland (n = 4) and island (n = 4) group. Composite bacterial communities are shown as relative abundance (%). f The differences in relative abundance of Tenericutes between inland and island group