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Table 4 Characteristics of middle-aged and elderly men with sarcopenia defined by height-adjusted ASM or weight-adjusted ASM

From: Comparison between clinical significance of height-adjusted and weight-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle mass

 

Sarcopenia defined by ASM/Ht2

Sarcopenia defined by ASM/Wt

Normal

Class 1

Class 2

*P value

Normal

Class 1

Class 2

*P value

Sarcopenia

Sarcopenia

One-way ANCOVA

Post hoc analysis

Sarcopenia

Sarcopenia

One-way ANCOVA

Post hoc analysis

Number

185 (67.8%)

76 (27.8%)

12 (4.4%)

–

–

168 (61.5%)

89 (32.6%)

16 (5.9%)

–

–

Age (years)

57 ± 10

64 ± 13

70 ± 14

–

–

57 ± 11

62 ± 12

69 ± 11

–

–

Height (cm)

169.5 ± 6.2

167.5 ± 5.9

164.4 ± 7.4

N.S.

 

169.2 ± 6.5

168.1 ± 5.8

166.6 ± 6.7

N.S.

 

Weight (kg)

66.0 ± 5.5

60.5 ± 6.3

53.4 ± 6.5

<0.001

a,b,c

63.5 ± 6.8

64.8 ± 6.1

63.1 ± 8.2

<0.01

 

BMI (kg/m2)

23.0 ± 1.2

21.5 ± 1.5

19.5 ± 1.4

<0.001

a,b,c

22.1 ± 1.6

22.9 ± 1.3

22.7 ± 1.8

N.S.

 

WC (cm)

82.9 ± 5.2

81.5 ± 5.8

75.1 ± 5.2

<0.001

a,b,c

80.2 ± 5.1

85.1 ± 4.4

84.9 ± 7.3

N.S.

 

Percent body fat (%)

19.7 ± 3.7

20.8 ± 4.2

20.1 ± 4.0

–

–

18.1 ± 3.4

22.9 ± 2.0

24.4 ± 3.4

–

–

Handgrip strength (kg)

40.5 ± 7.0

34.9 ± 6.1

31.9 ± 6.5

<0.001

a,b

40.7 ± 6.9

35.5 ± 6.7

33.5 ± 6.1

<0.01

a,b

Whole-body BMD (g/cm2)

1.142 ± 0.109

1.078 ± 0.084

1.019 ± 0.113

<0.001

a,b

1.133 ± 0.104

1.097 ± 0.107

1.091 ± 0.135

N.S.

 

Arm BMD (g/cm2)

0.799 ± 0.059

0.752 ± 0.049

0.713 ± 0.057

<0.001

a,b,c

0.793 ± 0.059

0.766 ± 0.061

0.755 ± 0.061

N.S.

 

Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm2)

1.076 ± 0.190

1.012 ± 0.193

0.944 ± 0.223

<0.01

a,b

1.065 ± 0.181

1.027 ± 0.206

1.067 ± 0.261

N.S.

 

Leg BMD (g/cm2)

1.246 ± 0.113

1.158 ± 0.088

1.068 ± 0.089

<0.001

a,b,c

1.234 ± 0.117

1.184 ± 0.103

1.176 ± 0.140

N.S.

 

HbA1c (%)

5.29 ± 0.54

5.45 ± 0.63

5.85 ± 1.11

N.S.

 

5.32 ± 0.60

5.36 ± 0.54

5.76 ± 0.88

N.S.

 

TG (mg/dl)

104.2 ± 52.5

100.7 ± 51.3

109.4 ± 46.22

N.S.

 

96.8 ± 47.0

115.1 ± 59.8

109.5 ± 41.0

N.S.

 

HDL-C (mg/dl)

59.7 ± 13.7

61.4 ± 15.1

65.1 ± 17.0

N.S.

 

62.1 ± 14.5

57.4 ± 13.2

59.0 ± 15.9

N.S.

 

TG/HDL ratio

1.92 ± 1.20

1.83 ± 1.23

1.81 ± 0.86

N.S.

 

1.73 ± 1.12

2.18 ± 1.33

1.92 ± 0.71

N.S.

 

SBP (mmHg)

126 ± 14

126 ± 16

127 ± 23

N.S.

 

125 ± 14

127 ± 15

132 ± 18

N.S.

 

DBP (mmHg)

80 ± 10

77 ± 11

74 ± 10

<0.05

a

78 ± 10

79 ± 10

82 ± 11

N.S.

 

baPWV (cm/s)

1402 ± 247

1529 ± 308

1758 ± 399

N.S.

 

1388 ± 243

1515 ± 278

1773 ± 436

<0.001

a,b,c

  1. Data are presented as mean ± SD
  2. BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, BMD bone mineral density, HbA1c glycohemoglobin A1c, TG triglycerides, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, baPWV brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity
  3. *One-way ANCOVA adjusted for age and percent body fat and post hoc analysis using the least significant difference t test (mean difference between two groups): a, Normal vs. class 1; b, Normal vs. class 2; c, class 1 vs. class 2; all P < 0.05
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Journal of Physiological Anthropology

ISSN: 1880-6805

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