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Table 5 Characteristics of middle-aged and elderly women with sarcopenia defined by height-adjusted ASM or weight-adjusted ASM

From: Comparison between clinical significance of height-adjusted and weight-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle mass

 

Sarcopenia defined by ASM/Ht2

Sarcopenia defined by ASM/Wt

Normal

Class 1

Class 2

*P value

Normal

Class 1

Class 2

*P value

Sarcopenia

Sarcopenia

One-way ANCOVA

Post hoc analysis

Sarcopenia

Sarcopenia

One-way ANCOVA

Post hoc analysis

Number

656 (76.2%)

192 (22.3%)

13 (1.5%)

–

–

494 (57.4%)

306 (35.5%)

61 (7.1%)

–

–

Age (years)

60 ± 11

62 ± 11

67 ± 11

–

–

59 ± 11

62 ± 10

64 ± 10

–

–

Height (cm)

155.9 ± 5.9

155.3 ± 5.7

152.8 ± 5.8

N.S.

 

156.6 ± 5.9

154.6 ± 5.6

153.7 ± 5.7

<0.01

a,b

Weight (kg)

53.1 ± 5.5

48.6 ± 5.0

44.4 ± 5.5

<0.001

a,b,c

50.8 ± 5.8

53.3 ± 5.5

55.1 ± 4.8

<0.001

a,b,c

BMI (kg/m2)

21.9 ± 1.8

20.1 ± 1.8

18.9 ± 1.9

<0.001

a,b,c

20.7 ± 1.8

22.3 ± 1.6

23.3 ± 1.3

N.S.

 

WC (cm)

80.4 ± 6.9

77.5 ± 7.3

74.7 ± 7.3

<0.001

a,b,c

76.7 ± 6.3

82.7 ± 6.1

87.1 ± 6.5

N.S.

 

Percent body fat (%)

27.5 ± 5.2

29.3 ± 5.0

30.6 ± 5.4

–

–

24.8 ± 4.1

31.4 ± 2.6

36.1 ± 2.4

–

–

Handgrip strength (kg)

25.7 ± 4.5

23.3 ± 3.7

19.7 ± 4.3

<0.001

a,b,c

26.1 ± 4.6

23.9 ± 3.8

22.4 ± 4.1

N.S.

 

Whole-body BMD (g/cm2)

1.003 ± 0.117

0.956 ± 0.102

0.883 ± 0.112

<0.001

a,b,c

1.012 ± 0.119

0.965 ± 0.106

0.945 ± 0.093

N.S.

 

Arm BMD (g/cm2)

0.633 ± 0.067

0.605 ± 0.058

0.561 ± 0.064

<0.001

a,b,c

0.640 ± 0.070

0.609 ± 0.057

0.598 ± 0.050

N.S.

 

Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm2)

0.952 ± 0.174

0.888 ± 0.156

0.747 ± 0.166

<0.001

a,b,c

0.961 ± 0.181

0.902 ± 0.157

0.885 ± 0.144

N.S.

 

Leg BMD (g/cm2)

1.026 ± 0.106

0.97 ± 0.095

0.884 ± 0.104

<0.001

a,b,c

1.030 ± 0.112

0.990 ± 0.095

0.968 ± 0.082

N.S.

 

HbA1c (%)

5.38 ± 0.52

5.43 ± 0.53

5.36 ± 0.52

N.S.

 

5.31 ± 0.41

5.48 ± 0.64

5.56 ± 0.57

N.S.

 

TG (mg/dl)

82.6 ± 39.6

88.0 ± 46.1

90.2 ± 45.7

N.S.

 

76.0 ± 34.6

90.9 ± 44.5

112.5 ± 54.5

<0.05

a,b,c

HDL-C (mg/dl)

71.3 ± 16.8

70.2 ± 15.3

72.5 ± 15.8

N.S.

 

75.0 ± 16.9

66.8 ± 14.4

61.3 ± 14.3

N.S.

 

TG/HDL ratio

1.29 ± 0.92

1.39 ± 1.05

1.47 ± 1.05

N.S.

 

1.11 ± 0.71

1.52 ± 1.11

2.00 ± 1.32

<0.05

a,b,c

SBP (mmHg)

120 ± 17

122 ± 20

120 ± 19

N.S.

 

118 ± 17

123 ± 18

130 ± 20

<0.05

a,b,c

DBP (mmHg)

71 ± 10

72 ± 12

69 ± 11

N.S.

 

70 ± 10

72 ± 10

75 ± 12

<0.05

a,b,c

baPWV (cm/s)

1319 ± 239

1433 ± 313

1607 ± 316

<0.001

a,b,c

1306 ± 245

1386 ± 270

1512 ± 301

<0.01

a,b,c

  1. Data are presented as mean ± SD
  2. BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, BMD bone mineral density, HbA1c glycohemoglobin A1c, TG triglycerides, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, baPWV brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity
  3. *One-way ANCOVA adjusted for age and percent body fat and post hoc analysis using the least significant difference t test (mean difference between two groups): a, Normal vs. class 1; b, Normal vs. class 2; c, class 1 vs. class 2; all P < 0.05
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Journal of Physiological Anthropology

ISSN: 1880-6805

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