Table 1 Means and standard deviations (SDs) of each parameter of contingent negative variation (CNV), electromyograms and center of pressure in the anteroposterior direction (CoPap)
Dependent variables | Forward translation | Backward translation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S1–S2 period | ||||||||
CNV peak time (ms) | Simple | 317.2 ± 208.3 | 270.1 ± 198.8 | |||||
Choice | 326.3 ± 205.6 | 229.4 ± 142.9 | ||||||
CNV peak amplitude (μV) | Simple | 10.5 ± 4.4 | 9.9 ± 4.8 | |||||
Choice | 10.9 ± 5.7 | 9.4 ± 4.4 | ||||||
After S2 | ||||||||
CoPap displaced position (%FL) | Simple | 0.0 ± 6.4 | − 7.0 ± 8.6 | |||||
Choice | 2.3 ± 5.5 | − 8.4 ± 7.3 | ||||||
RA | RF | TA | ES | BF | GcM | Sol | ||
Onset time of postural muscle (ms) | Simple | 144.5 ± 15.0 | 109.5 ± 15.1 | 94.4 ± 11.6 | 121.5 ± 14.9 | 110.5 ± 16.4 | 90.2 ± 8.2 | 78.6 ± 12.1 |
Choice | 141.6 ± 15.5 | 109.2 ± 15.5 | 94.1 ± 12.1 | 120.5 ± 9.8 | 103.9 ± 11.2 | 88.2 ± 7.5 | 77.5 ± 8.3 | |
Peak time of postural muscle (ms) | Simple | 97.7 ± 115.7 | 90.5 ± 104.8 | 56.5 ± 18.5 | 68.2 ± 62.7 | 56.4 ± 30.6 | 34.2 ± 10.6 | 34.7 ± 18.5 |
Choice | 106.8 ± 132.4 | 78.7 ± 92.3 | 49.2 ± 16.8 | 59.4 ± 37.9 | 66.0 ± 46.9 | 35.6 ± 6.0 | 35.3 ± 21.5 | |
Peak amplitude of postural muscle (μV) | Simple | 21.8 ± 16.0 | 63.0 ± 40.7 | 319.7 ± 107.5 | 41.8 ± 27.5 | 31.2 ± 15.7 | 194.3 ± 96.0 | 95.9 ± 32.9 |
Choice | 16.1 ± 11.1 | 54.0 ± 31.3 | 290.5 ± 108.1 | 42.1 ± 21.3 | 33.7 ± 18.4 | 182.9 ± 84.7 | 86.4 ± 28.1 | |