Variables | Total | Male | Female | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Height (cm) | 157.11 ± 9.30 | 164.18 ± 6.81 | 151.27 ± 6.66 | < 0.0001 |
Weight (kg) | 57.59 ± 10.44 | 62.59 ± 9.39 | 53.46 ± 9.45 | < 0.0001 |
BMI | 23.28 ± 3.43 | 23.21 ± 3.17 | 23.34 ± 3.64 | 0.8780 |
 Overweight (BMI ≥ 25) (%) | 29.26 (22.98–36.40) | 30.59 (21.30–41.66) | 28.16 (19.95–38.01) | 0.8384 |
WC (cm) | 77.27 ± 8.68 | 79.43 ± 8.42 | 75.50 ± 8.52 | 0.0017 |
 ≥ 90 cm (male)/≥ 80 cm (female) (%) | 23.53 (17.78–30.39) | 14.29 (7.92–24.02) | 31.07 (22.52–41.05) | 0.0118 |
Hip (cm)a | 88.86 ± 7.92 | 90.00 ± 7.23 | 87.94 ± 8.36 | 0.0499 |
WHRa | 0.87 ± 0.05 | 0.88 ± 0.06 | 0.86 ± 0.05 | 0.0062 |
 > 0.9 (male)/> 0.85 (female) (%) | 50.82 (43.37–58.24) | 40.24 (29.74–51.67) | 59.41 (49.16–68.93) | 0.0151 |
SpO2 (%) | 90.60 ± 3.21 | 90.47 ± 3.48 | 90.71 ± 2.97 | 0.9913 |
 Hypoxemia (SpO2 < 90%) (%) | 27.13 (21.04–34.17) | 28.24 (19.26–39.20) | 26.21 (18.27–35.97) | 0.8843 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 81.57 ± 12.13 | 81.35 ± 13.74 | 81.76 ± 10.68 | 0.8249 |
SBP (mmHg) | 122.67 ± 18.22 | 128.36 ± 16.77 | 117.97 ± 18.11 | < 0.0001 |
 ≥ 140 mmHg (%) | 17.02 (12.09–23.33) | 23.53 (15.29–34.20) | 11.65 (6.43–19.84) | 0.0498 |
DBP (mmHg) | 77.07 ± 11.61 | 79.67 ± 10.72 | 74.92 ± 11.92 | 0.0030 |
 ≥ 90 mmHg (%) | 13.30 (8.95–19.19) | 16.47 (9.62–26.43) | 10.68 (5.72–18.69) | 0.3431 |
HTb | 20.74 (15.33–27.39) | 27.06 (18.26–37.96) | 15.53 (9.41–24.30) | 0.0786 |
Hb (g/dL)c | 13.82 ± 1.74 | 14.48 ± 1.42 | 13.33 ± 1.80 | < 0.0001 |
 < 13 (male)/< 12 (female) (%) | 17.42 (12.31–23.97) | 14.47 (7.79–24.85) | 19.61 (12.66–28.89) | 0.0028 |
 13 to < 18 (male)/12 to < 16 (female) (%) | 76.40 (69.35–82.29) | 85.53 (75.15–92.91) | 69.61 (59.59–78.12) |  |
 ≥ 18 (male)/≥ 16 (female) (%) | 6.18 (3.28–11.07) | 0 | 10.78 (5.77–18.87) |  |
HbA1c (NGSP; %)d | 5.96 ± 0.99 | 5.90 ± 1.00 | 6.01 ± 0.98 | 0.1051 |
 6.0 to < 6.5% (%) | 31.61 (24.90–39.15) | 27.27 (18.04–38.81) | 35.05 (25.83–45.48) | 0.5544 |
 ≥ 6.5% (%) | 4.60 (2.15–9.17) | 5.19 (1.68–13.47) | 4.12 (1.33–10.82) |  |