Association of taller stature with lower cardiovascular disease mortality in Asian people: a systematic review

Table 2 Hazard ratios for mortality by an increase of height

Ref. no.	Sex	Deaths (n)	Hazard ratio	95% CI
Cardiovascular disease
[19]	Men	602^a	0.93	0.86–1.02
	Women	1018^a	0.89	0.84–0.95*
Coronary disease
[17]	Men	649	0.99	0.91–1.06
Heart disease
[20]	Men	1525^b	0.96	0.92–1.00^#
	Women	920^b	0.98	0.91–1.04
Ischemic heart diseases
[16]	Women	408	0.93	0.85–1.03
[19]	Men	63	0.97	0.84–1.13
	Women	90	0.92	0.80–1.06
Myocardial infarction
[20]	Men	579	0.99	0.92–1.06
	Women	291	0.91	0.81–1.02
Stroke
[16]	Women	1521	0.84	0.80–0.88*
[17]	Men	1263	0.93	0.88–0.98*
[18]	Men	158^c	0.92	0.79–1.08
	Women	168^c	0.77	0.64–0.91*
[19]	Men	104	0.88	0.78–1.00^#
	Women	208	0.89	0.82–0.97*
Cerebrovascular disease
[20]	Men	1133^c	0.95	0.90–0.99*
	Women	758^c	0.92	0.86–0.99*
Hemorrhagic stroke
[16]	Women	502	0.83	0.76–0.91*
[17]	Men	636	0.88	0.82–0.96*
[18]	Men	37	0.85	0.62–1.16
	Women	26	1.05	0.70–1.55
[20]	Men	512	0.89	0.82–0.96*
	Women	410	0.87	0.76–0.99*
Ischemic stroke
[16]	Women	323	0.82	0.73–0.91*
[17]	Men	262	0.98	0.87–1.10
[18]	Men	97	0.92	0.75–1.13
	Women	69	0.66	0.51–0.84*
[20]	Men	290	1.01	0.92–1.12
	Women	185	1.02	0.89–1.17

CI confidence interval, NA not applicable
P-value: * <0.05 (significance), ^# approximately 0.05 (marginal significance)
^aIncludes deaths from ischemic heart disease, stroke, and other circulatory diseases
^bIncludes deaths from myocardial infarction
^cIncludes deaths from ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and strokes of undetermined type

ISSN: 1880-6805