Table 4 Association between facial traits and facial centroid size in Maasai (controlled for BMI)

Facial CS

Upper fWHR

|Zy-Zy| / |N-Sto|

6.09

0.046

0.015

|Zy-Zy| / |Gl-Sto|

16.84

0.117

< 0.001*

|Zy-Zy| / |N-Ls|

5.90

0.045

0.017

|Zy-Zy| / |Gl-Ls|

16.34

0.114

< 0.001*

Total fWHR

|Zy-Zy| / |N-Gn|

22.3

0.150

< 0.001*

Lower fWHR

|Zy-Zy| / |Sn-Gn|

19.1

0.132

< 0.001*

Cheekbone prominence

|Zy-Zy| / |Go-Go|

5.61

0.039

0.025

Mandibular index

|Go-Go| / |Sto-Gn|

7.01

0.054

0.008

Nasal index

|Al-Al| / |N-Sn|

0.88

0.007

0.350

Mouth shape

|Ls-Li| / |Ch-Ch|

3.61

0.028

0.060

Mouth-face index

|Ch-Ch| / |Zy-Zy|

3.95

0.030

0.050

Height-to-width ratio of the eye (mean)

|Ps-Pi| / |Ex-En|

3.02

0.023

0.084

Facial CS

Upper fWHR

|Zy-Zy| / |N-Sto|

13.03

0.128

0.001*

|Zy-Zy| / |Gl-Sto|

20.78

0.189

< 0.001*

|Zy-Zy| / |N-Ls|

11.25

0.112

0.001*

|Zy-Zy| / |Gl-Ls|

19.92

0.183

< 0.001*

Total fWHR

|Zy-Zy| / |N-Gn|

18.72

0.174

< 0.001*

Lower fWHR

|Zy-Zy| / |Sn-Gn|

11.96

0.119

0.001*

Cheekbone prominence

|Zy-Zy| / |Go-Go|

0.60

0.006

0.452

Mandibular index

|Go-Go| / |Sto-Gn|

6.35

0.066

0.014

Nasal index

|Al-Al| / |N-Sn|

0.46

0.005

0.500

Mouth shape

|Ls-Li| / |Ch-Ch|

0.70

0.008

0.405

Mouth-face index

|Ch-Ch| / |Zy-Zy|

0.26

0.003

0.613

Height-to-width ratio of the eye (mean)

|Ps-Pi| / |Ex-En|

0.47

0.005

0.495