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Table 1 Characteristics of study subjects with or without CIVD response

From: Cold-induced vasodilation response in a Japanese cohort: insights from cold-water immersion and genome-wide association studies

Characteristic

NonCIVD

CIVD

No. of subjects

10

84

Age, years

22.80 ± 0.44

22.24 ± 0.15

Height, cm

171.30 ± 2.30

171.83 ± 0.60

Weight, kg

62.22 ± 2.73

64.25 ± 1.20

Body mass index, kg/m2

21.24 ± 0.93

21.73 ± 0.38

Body temperature, °C

36.61 ± 0.13

36.45 ± 0.04

Minimum finger temperature during local cooling, °C

12.9 ± 2.0

10.3 ± 0.4

Mean finger temperature between 15 and 35 min, °C

16.6 ± 2.3

13.6 ± 0.4

Time for the first minimum blood flow, mina

11.9 ± 0.3

11.7 ± 0.1

Neurogenic activityb (Baseline)

0.35 ± 0.03

0.31 ± 0.01

Neurogenic activityb (Phase 1)c

0.24 ± 0.05

0.19 ± 0.01

Neurogenic activityb (Phase 2)c

0.14 ± 0.05

0.06 ± 0.01

Neurogenic activityb (Phase 3)c

0.20 ± 0.04

0.14 ± 0.01

eNO-dependent activity b (Baseline)

0.25 ± 0.03

0.25 ± 0.01

eNO-dependent activity b (Phase 1) c

0.27 ± 0.04

0.26 ± 0.01

eNO-dependent activity b (Phase 2) c

0.20 ± 0.04

0.14 ± 0.01

eNO-dependent activity b (Phase 3) c

0.20 ± 0.04

0.17 ± 0.01

eNO-independent activity b (Baseline)

0.24 ± 0.04

0.30 ± 0.01

eNO-independent activity b (Phase 1) c

0.38 ± 0.07

0.48 ± 0.02

eNO-independent activity b (Phase 2) c

0.58 ± 0.10

0.76 ± 0.02

eNO-independent activity b (Phase 3) c

0.45 ± 0.08

0.58 ± 0.02

  1. Data are means ± standard error of the mean
  2. Abbreviations: CIVD Cold-induced vasodilation, eNO endothelial nitric oxide
  3. aTime corresponding to the white arrow in Figs. 1 and 3
  4. bWavelet amplitude estimated from finger skin blood flow (arbitrary units)
  5. cPhases 1, 2, and 3 represent “vasoconstriction,” “prior to CIVD,” and “CIVD,” respectively [9]